Study shows how increasing BMI contributes to multiple myeloma growth and progression -
In a new study published in Cancer Letters researchers from the American University show how, as BMI increases, so does the growth and spread of multiple myeloma blood cancer, representing approximately 10 percent of all blood cancers in patients .
"once a person with cancer is out of normal weight, BMI contributes to the growth of multiple myeloma and progression," said Katie DeCicco-Skinner, associate professor of biology at American University and lead author of the study.
DeCicco-Skinner and his colleagues examined the normal BMI, overweight patients, obese and morbidly obese, and the effects on myeloma . multiple Little research in multiple myeloma looks different patient weight to see how cells promote cancer growth Even studies examine less cancer and morbid obesity -.. a fourth weight class DeCicco-Skinner said was important to study, as overweight people today have the condition
obesity is considered a risk factor for many cancers, and each increase / m2 5 kg in BMI associated with an increase of 10 percent of cancer deaths, studies show. In multiple myeloma study, normal weight is defined as a BMI greater than 25 kg / m2, and suffering from morbid obesity is in the range of 35 to 40 kg / m2.
Growing stem cells
researchers obtained stem cells from the fat discarded liposuction patients who have undergone elective surgery. They turned them into fat cells and fat cells cultured with multiple myeloma. In the bone marrow, wherein the multiple myeloma is often rooted, fat cells play an important role in the proliferation, survival, progression and resistance to cancer cells drug.
As BMI increases a patient, fat cells communicate with multiple myeloma cells, the researchers found. Fat cells grow, gaining additional fat and secrete proteins related to cancer. The researchers also found a correlation between BMI and angiogenesis and adhesion, key indicators of progress.
"We know multiple myeloma cells will anchor in the bone marrow and fat cells in the bone marrow will support the growth and spread of cancer. In our study, BMI increased, we started to see an increase in the ability of multiple myeloma cells to adhere, causing cancer to better anchor, "said DeCicco-Skinner." with angiogenesis, cancer cells can not exist without their own supply blood. We also found the amount of blood vessels that developed was directly proportional to the BMI of the patient. "
DeCicco-Skinner and his colleagues assumed the proliferation of cancer more benefit than the normal BMI due to the epidemiological link between obesity and cancer. But the relationship between multiple myeloma and BMI in obese patients suffering from morbid obesity was drastic.
"We found that fat cells obese or morbidly obese secreted large amounts of inflammatory proteins, which contributed to the progression of the tumor, "said DeCicco-Skinner.
Implications for treatment
looking DeCicco-Skinner suggests a new approach for the treatment of multiple myeloma. Physicians may consider adjusting medications based on BMI for a patient because a drug may not be as effective in obese patients or morbidly obese.
"Most people think that if you develop multiple myeloma, you go to the doctor, find out the most effective drug cocktail is and how it will affect you," said DeCicco-Skinner. " a patient may need to receive drugs to block inflammatory or other specific proteins in obesity, in addition to standard anti-cancer drugs they receive. "
Whether investigating fat cells, immunotherapy, or the use of CRISPR-Cas 9 gene-editing tool, which a federal commission recently approved a number of patients with three types of cancers, including multiple myeloma, approaches beyond attack cancer cells are needed in the fight against many cancers. With multiple myeloma, most patients live four to seven years from the date of diagnosis, and most become resistant to chemotherapy drugs over time.
"Obesity plays a role in cancer as the number of those who are obese increase. Improving our understanding of how cells and cancer cells greases communicate with each others, and how communication changes in obesity, is critical, "said DeCicco-Skinner.
"once a person with cancer is out of normal weight, BMI contributes to the growth of multiple myeloma and progression," said Katie DeCicco-Skinner, associate professor of biology at American University and lead author of the study.
DeCicco-Skinner and his colleagues examined the normal BMI, overweight patients, obese and morbidly obese, and the effects on myeloma . multiple Little research in multiple myeloma looks different patient weight to see how cells promote cancer growth Even studies examine less cancer and morbid obesity -.. a fourth weight class DeCicco-Skinner said was important to study, as overweight people today have the condition
obesity is considered a risk factor for many cancers, and each increase / m2 5 kg in BMI associated with an increase of 10 percent of cancer deaths, studies show. In multiple myeloma study, normal weight is defined as a BMI greater than 25 kg / m2, and suffering from morbid obesity is in the range of 35 to 40 kg / m2.
Growing stem cells
researchers obtained stem cells from the fat discarded liposuction patients who have undergone elective surgery. They turned them into fat cells and fat cells cultured with multiple myeloma. In the bone marrow, wherein the multiple myeloma is often rooted, fat cells play an important role in the proliferation, survival, progression and resistance to cancer cells drug.
As BMI increases a patient, fat cells communicate with multiple myeloma cells, the researchers found. Fat cells grow, gaining additional fat and secrete proteins related to cancer. The researchers also found a correlation between BMI and angiogenesis and adhesion, key indicators of progress.
"We know multiple myeloma cells will anchor in the bone marrow and fat cells in the bone marrow will support the growth and spread of cancer. In our study, BMI increased, we started to see an increase in the ability of multiple myeloma cells to adhere, causing cancer to better anchor, "said DeCicco-Skinner." with angiogenesis, cancer cells can not exist without their own supply blood. We also found the amount of blood vessels that developed was directly proportional to the BMI of the patient. "
DeCicco-Skinner and his colleagues assumed the proliferation of cancer more benefit than the normal BMI due to the epidemiological link between obesity and cancer. But the relationship between multiple myeloma and BMI in obese patients suffering from morbid obesity was drastic.
"We found that fat cells obese or morbidly obese secreted large amounts of inflammatory proteins, which contributed to the progression of the tumor, "said DeCicco-Skinner.
Implications for treatment
looking DeCicco-Skinner suggests a new approach for the treatment of multiple myeloma. Physicians may consider adjusting medications based on BMI for a patient because a drug may not be as effective in obese patients or morbidly obese.
"Most people think that if you develop multiple myeloma, you go to the doctor, find out the most effective drug cocktail is and how it will affect you," said DeCicco-Skinner. " a patient may need to receive drugs to block inflammatory or other specific proteins in obesity, in addition to standard anti-cancer drugs they receive. "
Whether investigating fat cells, immunotherapy, or the use of CRISPR-Cas 9 gene-editing tool, which a federal commission recently approved a number of patients with three types of cancers, including multiple myeloma, approaches beyond attack cancer cells are needed in the fight against many cancers. With multiple myeloma, most patients live four to seven years from the date of diagnosis, and most become resistant to chemotherapy drugs over time.
"Obesity plays a role in cancer as the number of those who are obese increase. Improving our understanding of how cells and cancer cells greases communicate with each others, and how communication changes in obesity, is critical, "said DeCicco-Skinner.
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